Better Bones References

Product references — Choline

Dalmeijer, G., et al. 2008. Prospective study on dietary intakes of folate, betaine, and choline and cardiovascular disease risk in women. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 62 (3), 386–394. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17375117 (accessed 12.17.2008).

Spector, T., et al. 2008. Choline–stabilized orthosilicic acid supplementation as an adjunct to calcium/vitamin D3 stimulates markers of bone formation in osteopenic females: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., 9, 85. URL: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2474/9/85 (accessed 12.17.2008).

Bidulescu, A., et al. 2007. Usual choline and betaine dietary intake and incident coronary heart disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. BMC Cardiovasc. Disord., 7, 20. URL: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2261/7/20 (accessed 12.17.2008.).

Chiuve, S., et al. 2007. The association between betaine and choline intakes and the plasma concentrations of homocysteine in women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 86 (4), 1073–1081. URL: http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/86/4/1073 (accessed 12.17.2008).

Calomme, M., et al. 2006. Partial prevention of long-term femoral bone loss in aged ovariectomized rats supplemented with choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid. Calcif. Tissue Int., 78 (4), 227–232. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16604283 (accessed 12.17.2008).

Cho, E., et al. 2006. Dietary choline and betaine assessed by food-frequency questionnaire in relation to plasma total homocysteine concentration in the Framingham Offspring Study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 83 (4), 905–911. URL: http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/83/4/905 (accessed 12.17.2008).

Olthof, M., et al. 2005. Choline supplemented as phosphatidylcholine decreases fasting and postmethionine-loading plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 82 (1), 111–117. URL: http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/82/1/111 (accessed 12.17.2008).

Gorustovich, A., et al. 2003. Mandibular bone remodeling under a choline-deficient diet: A histomorphometric study in rats. J. Periodontol., 74 (6), 831–837. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12886993 (accessed 12.17.2008).

Gorustovich, A., et al. 2003. Periimplant bone healing under experimental hepatic osteodystrophy induced by a choline-deficient diet: A histomorphometric study in rats. Clin. Implant Dent. Relat. Res., 5 (2), 124-129. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14536047 (accessed 12.17.2008).

Gorustovich, A., et al. 2003. Mandibular bone remodeling under a choline-deficient diet: A histomorphometric study in rats. J. Periodontol., 74 (6), 831–837. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12886993 (accessed 07.23.2010).

McKenzie, J., et al. 1981. The effects of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline on the precipitation of native fibrils and segment-long-spacing aggregates from collagen solution. J. Supramol. Struct. Cell Biochem., 15 (3), 219-234. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6790719 (accessed 12.17.2008).