Our Herbal Equilibrium is doctor-formulated to be complete, natural, bioavailable, and manufactured to pharmaceutical standards.
The following articles, reviews and studies, arranged in order of ingredient and recency, provide information concerning the clinical basis for using Herbal Equilibrium. Click on the ingredients listed below to review pertinent studies and articles.
Alam, N., et al. 2011. High catechin concentrations detected in Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. BMC Complement. Altern. Med., 11, 65. URL: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/11/65 (accessed 09.23.2011).
Kumar, A., et al. 2011. Utility of a multidisciplinary approach for genome diagnostics of cultivated and wild germplasm resources of medicinal Withania somnifera, and the status of new species, W. ashwagandha, in the cultivated taxon URL: http://www.springerlink.com/content/g12001h123tk2876/ (accessed 09.06.2011).
Sinha, S., et al. 2011. In vivo anti-tussive activity and structural features of a polysaccharide fraction from water extracted Withania somnifera. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Mar 24;134 (2), 510-513. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21182915 (accessed 09.23.2011).
“CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a scientific basis for the past and present ethnomedical uses of this plant.”
Dog, T. 2010. Smart Talk on supplements and botanicals: Ginseng and other adaptogenic herbs. Alt. Complement. Ther., 16 (1), 1–4. URL (paid access): http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/act.2010.16101 (accessed 01.17.2011).
Ven Murthy, M., et al. 2010. Scientific basis for the use of Indian ayurvedic medicinal plants in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders: Ashwagandha. Cent. Nerv. Syst. Agents Med. Chem., 10 (3), 238-246. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20528765 (accessed 09.23.2011).
Yadav, B., et al. 2010. In vitro anticancer activity of the root, stem and leaves of Withania somnifera against various human cancer cell lines. Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 72 (5), 659-663. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3116319/?tool=pubmed (accessed 09.23.2011).
Widido, N., et al. 2007. Selective killing of cancer cells by leaf extract of Ashwagandha: Identification of a tumor-inhibitory factor and the first molecular insights to its effect. Clin. Cancer Res., 13 (7), 2298–2306. URL: http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/13/7/2298.long (accessed 02.23.2011).
Naidu, P., et al. 2006. Effect of Withania somnifera root extract on reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia and cognitive dysfunction. Phytother. Res., 20 (2), 140–146. URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1038/sj.bjp.0706122/full (accessed 02.23.2011).
Winters, M. 2006. Ancient medicine, modern use: Withania somnifera and its potential role in integrative oncology. Altern. Med. Rev., 11 (4), 269-277. URL (PDF): http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/11/4/269.pdf (accessed 09.23.2011).
“…As modern medicine continues to expand, so do the uses of botanical medicines. Withania somnifera shows great potential as a safe and effective antineoplastic agent.”
Kuboyama, T., et al. 2005. Neuritic regeneration and synaptic reconstruction induced by withanolide A. Br. J. Pharmacol., 144 (7), 961–971. URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1038/sj.bjp.0706122/full (accessed 02.23.2011).
Misra, L., et al. 2005. Unusually sulfated and oxygenated steroids from Withania somnifera. Phytochemistry, 66, 2702–2707. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16293277 (accessed 02.23.2011).
[No authors listed.] 2004. Monograph. Withania somnifera. Altern. Med. Rev., 9 (2), 211–214. URL: http://www.thorne.com/altmedrev/.fulltext/9/2/211.pdf (accessed 02.23.2011).
Sreerekha, M., et al. 2004. Distribution of total withanolides in various plant parts of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) accessions as influenced by light and dark reaction cycle. J. Med. Aromatic Plant Sci., 26, 681–683. URL (abstract): http://203.190.147.122/jmapsnew/JMAPSDisplay.aspx?Year=2004&Month=12&Volume=26&No=4&IssueID=338 (accessed 09.06.2011).
Bhattacharya, S., & Muruganandam, A. 2003. Adaptogenic activity of Withania somnifera: An experimental study using a rat model of chronic stress. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 75, 547–555. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12895672 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Iuvone, T., et al. 2003. Induction of nitric oxide synthase expression by Withania somnifera macrophages. Life Sci., 72 (14), 1617-1625. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12551750 (accessed 01.25.2011).
Ilayperuma, I., et al. 2002. Effect of Withania somnifera root extract on the sexual behaviour of male rats. Asian J. Androl., 4, 295–298. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12508132 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Rajpal, V. 2002. Standardization of botanicals. New Delhi: Eastern Publishers.
Abdel–Magied, E., et al. 2001. The effect of aqueous extracts of Cynomorium coccineum and Withania somnifera on testicular development in immature Wistar rats. J. Ethnopharmacol., 75 (1), 1–4. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11282435 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Dhuley, J. 2001. Nootropic-like effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) in mice. Phytother Res., 15 (6), 524–528. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11536383 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Jain, S., et al. 2001. Neuroprotective effects of Withania somnifera Dunn. in hippocampal sub-regions of female albino rat. Phytother. Res., 15 (6), 544–548. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11536389 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Singh, B., et al. 2001. Adaptogenic activity of a glyco-peptido-lipid fraction from the alcoholic extract of Trichopus zeylanicus Gaertn. Phytomedicine, 8, 283–291. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11515718 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Singh, G., et al. 2001. Adaptogenic activity of a novel, withanolide-free aqueous fraction from the roots of Withania somnifera Dunn. Phytother. Res., 15 (4), 311–318. URL (PDF): http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.prxy3.ursus.maine.edu/doi/10.1002/ptr.858/pdf (accessed 02.24.2011).
Battacharya, S., et al. 2000. Anxiolytic-antidepressant activity of Withania somnifera glycowithanolides: An experimental study. Phytomedicine, 7 (6), 463–469. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11194174 (accessed 01.25.2011).
Dhuley, J. 2000. Adaptogenic and cardioprotective action of ashwagandha in rats and frogs. J. Ethnopharmacol., 70 (1), 57–63. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10720789 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Mishra, L-C., et al. 2000. Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha): A review. Altern. Med. Rev., 5 (4), 334–346. URL (PDF): http://www.thorne.com/altmedrev/.fulltext/5/4/334.pdf (accessed 02.23.2011).
Archana, R., & Namasivayam, A. 1999. Antistressor effect of Withania somnifera. J. Ethnopharmcol., 64 (1), 91–93. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10075127 (accessed 01.26.2011).
Rege, N.-N., et al. 1999. Adaptogenic properties of six rasayana herbs used in Ayurvedic medicine. Phytother Res., 13 (4), 275–291. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10404532 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Schauss, A., et al. 1998. Therapeutic applications of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) — popular ayurvedic botanical medicine. Nat. Med. J., 1, 16–19.
Schliebs, R., et al. 1997. Systemic administration of defined extracts from Withania somnifera (Indian Ginseng) and Shilajit differentially affects cholinergic but not glutamatergic and GABAnergic markers in rat brain. Neurochem. Int., 30 (2), 181–190. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9017665 (accessed 02.23.2011).
al-Hindawi, M., et al. 1992. Anti-granuloma activity of Iraqi Withania somnifera. J. Ethnopharmacol., 37 (2), 113–116. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/143685 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Mehta, A., et al. 1991. Pharmacologic effects of Withania somnifera root extract on GABAA receptor complex. Indian J. Med. Res., 94, 312–315. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1660034 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Singh, N., et al. 1982. Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), a rejuvenating herbal drug which enhances survival during stress (an adaptogen). Int. J. Crude Drug Res., 20, 29–35.
Jiang, B., et al. 2011. Phytochemical fingerprinting to thwart black cohosh adulteration: A 16 Actaea species analysis. Phytochem. Anal. [Epub ahead of print.] URL (abstract): http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pca.1285/abstract (accessed 03.14.2011).
Shams, T., et al. 2010. Efficacy of black cohosh-containing preparations on menopausal symptoms: A meta-analysis. Alt. Ther., 16 (1), 36–44. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20085176 (accessed 01.08.2010).
Einbond, L., et al. 2009. Actein activates stress- and statin-associated responses and is bioavailable in Sprague–Dawley rats. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol., 23 (3), 311–3212. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19527300 (accessed 02.02.2010).
Geller, S., et al. 2009. Safety and efficacy of black cohosh and red clover for the management of vasomotor symptoms: A randomized controlled trial. Menopause, 16 (6), 1156–1166. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19609225 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Palacio C., et al. 2009. Black cohosh for the management of menopausal symptoms: A systematic review of clinical trials. Drugs Aging, 26 (1), 23–36. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19102512 (accessed 01.30.2009).
Wong, V., et al. 2009. Current alternative and complementary therapies used in menopause. Gynecol. Endocrinol., 25 (3), 166–174. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19347706 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Borelli, F., & Ernst, E. 2008. Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) for menopausal symptoms: A systematic review of its efficacy. Pharmacol. Res., 58 (1), 8-14. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18585461 (accessed 01.30.2009).
Ju, Y., et al. 2008. A dietary supplement for female sexual dysfunction, Avlimil, stimulates the growth of estrogen-dependcnt breast tumors (MCF-7) implanted in ovariectomized athymic nude mice. Food Chern. Toxicol., 46, 310-320. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17919800 (accessed 01.04.2010).
Mahady, G., et al. 2008. United States Pharmacopeia review of the black cohosh case reports of hepatotoxicity. Menopause, 15 (4 Pt. 1), 628-638. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18340277 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Rachón, D., et al. 2008. Effects of black cohosh extract on body weight gain, intra-abdominal fat accumulation, plasma lipids and glucose tolerance in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats. Maturitas, 60 (3–4), 209–215. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18691839 (accessed 01.04.2010).
Reed, S., et al. 2008. Vaginal, endometrial, and reproductive hormone findings: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of black cohosh, multibotanical herbs and dietary soy for vasomotor symptoms: The Herbal Alternatives for Menopause (HALT) study. Menopause, 15 (1), 51–58. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18257142 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Kanadys, W., et al. 2008. [Efficacy and safety of black cohosh (Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa) in the treatment of vasomotor symptoms — review of clinical trials.] Ginekol. Pol., 79 (4), 287–296. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18592868 (accessed 01.30.2009).
Wuttke, W., et al. 2008. Phytoestrogens: Endocrine disrupters or replacement for hormone replacement therapy? Maturitas, 61 (1–2), 159–170. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19434888 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Bai, W., et al. 2007. Efficacy and tolerability of a medicinal product containing an isopropanolic black cohosh extract in Chinese women with menopausal symptoms: A randomized, double blind, parallel-controlled study versus tibolone. Maturitas. [Epub ahead of print.]
Cheema, D., et al. 2007. Non-hormonal therapy of post-menopausal vasomotor symptoms: A structured evidence-based review. Arch. Gynecol. Obstet., 276 (5), 463–469. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17593379 (accessed 01.04.2010).
Chu, W. et al. 2007. Association between CYP3A4 genotype and risk of endometrial cancer following tamoxifen use. Carcinogenesis, 28 (10), 2139–2142. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17434921 (accessed 06.26.2007).
Meyer, S. et al. 2007. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma induced by Cimicifuga racemosa. Dermatology, 214 (1), 94–96. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17191056 (accessed 01.18.2011).
Nisslein, T. & Freudenstein, J. 2007. Coadministration of the aromatase inhibitor formestane and an isopropanolic extract of black cohosh in a rat model of chemically induced mammary carcinoma. Planta Med., 73 (4), 318–322. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17354167 (accessed 06.27.2007).
Rebbeck, T. et al. 2007. A retrospective case-control study of the use of hormone-related supplements and association with breast cancer. Int. J. Cancer., 120 (7), 1523-1528. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17205521 (accessed 06.27.2007).
Ruhlen, R., et al. 2007. Black cohosh does not exert an estrogenic effect on the breast. Nutr. Cancer, 59 (2), 269–277. URL (abstract): http://www.leaonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01635580701506968 (accessed 11.28.2007).
Spangler, L., et al. 2007. The effects of black cohosh therapies on lipids, fibrinogen, glucose and insulin. Maturitas, 57 (2), 195–204. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17275226 (accessed 01.04.2010).
Walji, R., et al. 2007. Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa [L.] Nutt.): Safety and efficacy for cancer patients. Support. Care Cancer, 15 (8), 913–921. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17602247 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Zepelin, H. et al. 2007. Isopropanolic black cohosh extract and recurrence-free survival after breast cancer. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 45 (3), 143–154. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17416109 (accessed 06.26.2007).
Carroll, D. 2006. Nonhormonal therapies for hot flashes in menopause. Am. Fam. Physician, 73 (3), 457–464. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16477892 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Li, J., & Yu, Z. 2006. Cimicifugae rhizoma: From origins, bioactive constituents to clinical outcomes. Curr. Med. Chem., 13 (24), 2927–2951. URL: (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17073639 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Minciullo, P., et al. 2006. Muscle damage induced by black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa). Phytomedicine, 13, 115–118. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16360941 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Newton, K., et al. 2006. Treatment of vasomotor symptoms of menopause with black cohosh, multibotanicals, soy, hormone therapy, or placebo: A randomized trial. Ann. Intern. Med., 145, 869–879. URL: (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17179056 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Letters to the editor. 2007. Ann. Int. Med., 147 (5), 347. URL (PDF): http://www.annals.org/content/147/5/347.1.full.pdf+html (accessed 10.17.2007).
Pockaj, B. et al. 2006. Phase III double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial of black cohosh in the management of hot flashes: NCCTG Trial N01CC1. J. Clin. Oncol., 24 (18), 2836–2841. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16782922 (accessed 06.27.2007).
Radowicki, S., et al. 2006. [Effectiveness and safety of the treatment of menopausal syndrome with Cimicifuga racemosa dry extract.] Ginekol. Pol., 77 (9), 678–683. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17219796 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Raus, K., et al. 2006. First-time proof of endometrial safety of the special black cohosh extract (Actaea or Cimicifuga racemosa extract) CR BNO 1055. Menopause, 13 (4), 678–691. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16837890 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Wuttke, W., et al. 2006. Effects of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) on bone turnover, vaginal mucosa, and various blood parameters in postmenopausal women: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, and conjugated estrogens-controlled study. Menopause, 13 (2), 185–196. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16645532 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Frei-Kleiner, S., et al. 2005. Cimicifuga racemosa dried ethanolic extract in menopausal disorders: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Maturitas, 51, 397–404. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16039414 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Low Dog, T. 2005. Menopause: A review of botanical dietary supplements. Am. J. Med., 118 (Suppl. 12B), 98–108. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16414334 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Mahady, G. 2005. Black cohosh (Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa): Review of the clinical data for safety and efficacy in menopausal symptoms. Treat. Endocrinol., 4 (3), 177–184. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898823 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Nappi, R., et al. 2005. Efficacy of Cimicifuga racemosa on climacteric complaints: A randomized study versus low-dose transdermal estradiol. Gynecol. Endocrinol., 20, 30–35. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15969244 (accessed 02.23.2011).
Ulbricht, C., & Basch, E., Eds. 2005. Natural Standard Herb & Supplement Reference: Evidence-based Clinical Reviews. Natural Standard Research Collaboration. NY: Elsevier Mosby.
Vermes, G., et al. 2005. The effects of Remifemin on subjective symptoms of menopause. Adv. Ther., 22 (2), 148–154. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16020404 (accessed 02.24.2011).
Viereck, V., et al. 2005. Black cohosh: Just another phytoestrogen? Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 16 (5), 214-221. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15927480 (accessed 01.25.2011).
Pockaj, B., et al. 2004. Pilot evaluation of black cohosh for the treatment of hot flashes in women. Cancer Invest., 22 (4), 515–521. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15565808 (accessed 02.24.2011).
Cohen, S., et al. 2004. Autoimmune hepatitis associated with the use of black cohosh: A case study. Menopause, 11, 575–577. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15356412 (accessed 02.24.2011).
Nisslein, T., & Freudenstein, J. 2004. Concomitant administration of an isopropanolic extract of black cohosh and tamoxifen in the in vivo tumor model of implanted RUCA-I rat endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Toxicol. Lett., 150 (3), 271–275. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15110078 (accessed 06.26.2007).
Lontos, S., et al. 2003. Acute liver failure associated with the use of herbal preparations containing black cohosh. Med. J. Aust., 179, 390–391. URL: http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/179_07_061003/letters_061003_fm-2.html (accessed 02.24.2011).
Bland, J. 2003. Position on black cohosh safety. Metagenics, Inc. URL: http://www.metaproteomicslabs.com/position_papers/black%20cohosh%20position%20paper.pdf (accessed 01.25.2011).
Hernández Muñoz, G., & Pluchino, S. 2003. Cimicifuga racemosa for the treatment of hot flushes in women surviving breast cancer. Maturitas, 44 (Suppl. 1), S59–S65. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12609560 (accessed 09.13.2010).
Low Dog, T., et al. 2003. Critical evaluation of the safety of Cimicifuga racemosa in menopause symptom relief. Menopause, 10 (4), 299-313. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12851513 (accessed 09.13.2010).
Seidlová–Wuttke, D., et al. 2003. Evidence for selective estrogen receptor modulator activity in a black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) extract: Comparison with estradiol17b. Eur. J. Endocrinol., 149 (4), 351–362. URL (PDF): http://eje-online.org/cgi/reprint/149/4/351 (accessed 02.24.2011).
Wuttke, W., et al. 2003. Phytoestrogens: Endocrine disrupters or replacement for hormone replacement therapy? Maturitas, 44 (Suppl. 1), S9–S20. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12609555 (accessed 02.24.2011).
Wuttke, W., et al. 2003. The Cimicifuga preparation BNO 1055 vs. conjugated estrogens in a double-blind placebo-controlled study: Effects on menopause symptoms and bone markers. Maturitas, 44 (Suppl. 1), S67–S77. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12609561 (accessed 02.24.2011)
[No authors listed.] 2003. Monograph. Cimicifuga racemosa. Altern. Med. Rev., 8 (2), 186-189. URL (PDF): http://www.altmedrev.com/sobi2.html?sobi2Task=dd_download&fid=193 (accessed 01.25.2011).
Bodinet, C., & Freudenstein, J. 2002. Influence of Cimicifuga racemosa on the proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive human breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 76 (1), 1-10. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12408370 (accessed 01.25.2011).
Liske, E., et al. 2002. Physiological investigation of a unique extract of black cohosh (Cimicifugae racemosae rhizoma): A 6-month clinical study demonstrates no systemic estrogenic effect. J. Women’s Health Gend. Based Med., 11, 163–174. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11975864 (accessed 02.24.2011).
Mahady, G. et al. 2002. Black cohosh: an alternative therapy for menopause? Nutr. Clin. Care, 5 (6), 283-289. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12557811 (accessed 06.26. 2007).
Winterhoff, H., et al. 2002. [Pharmacologic and clinical studies using Cimicifuga racemosa in climacteric complaints.] Wien Med. Wochenschr., 152 (15–16), 360–363. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12244879 (accessed 02.24.2011).
Whiting, P., et al. 2002. Black cohosh and other herbal remedies associated with acute hepatitis. Med. J. Aust., 177, 440–443. URL: http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/177_08_211002/whi10119_fm.html (accessed 2.24.2011).
Wuttke, W., et al. 2002. Phytoestrogens for hormone replacement therapy? J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 83 (1–5), 133–147. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12650710 (accessed 09.16.2010).
Zierau, O. et al. 2002. Antiestrogenic activities of Cimicifuga racemosa extracts. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 80 (1), 125–130. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11867271 (accessed 06.26.2007). URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11867271 (accessed 06.26.2007).
Jacobson, J., et al. 2001. Randomized trial of black cohosh for the treatment of hot flashes among women with a history of breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol., 19 (10), 2739–2745. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11352967 (accessed 06.27. 2007).
Duker, E., et al. 1991. Effects of extracts from Cimicifuga racemosa on gonadotropin release in menopausal women and ovariectomized rats. Planta Med., 57 (5), 420–424. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1798794 (accessed 06.27.2007).
McAllister, J., & Hornsby, P. 1987. TPA inhibits the synthesis of androgens and cortisol and enhances the synthesis non-17 alpha-hydroxylated steroids in cultured human adrenocortical cells. Endocrinology, 121 (5), 1908–1910.
[No author.] 2009. Vitex agnus-castus. Monograph. Alt. Med. Rev., 14 (2), 67–70. URL (PDF): http://www.altmedrev.com/sobi2.html?sobi2Task=dd_download&fid=32 (accessed 01.26.2011).
Reed, S., et al. 2008. Vaginal, endometrial, and reproductive hormone findings: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of black cohosh, multibotanical herbs and dietary soy for vasomotor symptoms: The Herbal Alternatives for Menopause (HALT) study. Menopause, 15 (1), 51–58. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18257142 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Hu, Y., et al. 2007. Anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperprolactinemia activities of Fructus Viticis and its effective fractions and chemical constituents. Phytomedicine, 14 (10), 668-674. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17350238 (accessed 07.16.2007).
Rotem, C., & Kaplan, B. 2007. Phyto-Female Complex for the relief of hot flushes, night sweats and quality of sleep: Randomized, controlled, double-blind pilot study. Gynecol. Endocrinol., 23 (2), 117-122. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454163 (accessed 07.06.2007).
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Roberts, D., et al. 2004. Inhibition of extrahepatic human cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1B1 by metabolism of isoflavones found in Trifolium pratense (red clover). J. Agric. Food Chem., 52 (21), 6623–6632. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15479032 (accessed 09.16.2010).
Blakesmith, S., et al. 2003. Effects of supplementation with purified red clover (Trifolium pratense) isoflavones on plasma lipids and insulin resistance in premenopausal women. Br. J. Nutr., 89 (4), 467–474. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12654164 (accessed 09.20.2010).
Boué, et al. 2003. Evaluation of the estrogenic effects of legume extracts containing phytoestrogens. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51 (8), 2193–2199. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12670155 (accessed 09.16.2010).
Chan, H., et al. 2003. The red clover (Trifolium pratense) isoflavone biochanin A modulates the biotransformation pathways of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Br. (1), 87–92. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12844379 (accessed 09.16.2010).
Mallis, L., et al. 2003. Determination of rat oral bioavailability of soy-derived phytoestrogens using an automated on-column extraction procedure and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci., 796, 71–86. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14552818 (accessed 09.17.2010).
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Abebe, W. 2002. Herbal medication: Potential for adverse interactions with analgesic drugs. J. Clin. Pharm. Ther., 27 (6), 391–401. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12472978 (accessed 12.11.2009).
Adlercreutz, J. 2002. Phyto-oestrogens and cancer. Lacet Oncol., 3 (6), 364–373. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12107024 (accessed 09.21.2010).
Burdette, J., et al. 2002. Trifolium pratense (red clover) exhibits estrogenic effects in vivo in ovariectomized Sprague–Dawley rats. J. Nutr., 132 (1), 27–30. URL: http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/132/1/27 (accessed 09.21.2010).
Nelsen, J., et al. 2002. Red clover (Trifolium pratense) monograph: A clinical decision support tool. J. Herb. Pharm., 2 (3), 49–72. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15277090 (accessed 09.21.2010).
Peter, H. et al. 2002. Isoflavones from red clover (Promensil) significantly reduce menopausal hot flush symptoms compared with placebo. Maturitas., 42 (3), 187-193. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12161042(accessed 01.19.2011).
van de Weijer, P., & Barentsen, R. 2002. Isoflavones from red clover (Promensil) significantly reduce menopausal hot flush symptoms compared with placebo. Maturitas, 42 (3), 187–193. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12161042 (accessed 09.21.2010).
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Our M-Boost is doctor-formulated to be complete, natural, bioavailable and manufactured to pharmaceutical standards.
The following articles and studies, arranged alphabetically, represent a sampling of the research on the constituents of M-Boost.
Belenchia, A.M., et al. 2013. Correcting vitamin D insufficiency improves insulin sensitivity in obese adolescents: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 97(4):774-81. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23407306 (accessed 05.07.2013).
Biancuzzo, R.M. 2013. Serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in response to vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 supplementation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 98(3):97-9). URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23386645 (accessed 05.07.2013).
Caron-Jobin, M., et al. 2011. Elevated serum 25(OH)D concentrations, vitamin D, and calcium intakes are associated with reduced adipocyte size in women. Obesity (Silver Spring). 19(7):1335-41. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527900 (accessed 05.13.2013).
Forsythe, L.K., et al. 2012. Effect of adiposity on vitamin D status and the 25-hydroxychholecalciferol response to supplementation in healthy young and older Irish adults. Br J Nutr. 107(1):126-34. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21733320 (Accessed 05.13.2013).
Fung, G. J., et al. 2012. Vitamin D intake is inversely related to risk of developing metabolic syndrome in African American and white men and women over 20 y: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Am J Clin Nutr. 96(1):24-9. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22648727 (accessed 05.09.2013).
LeBlanc, E.S., et al. 2012. Associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and weight gain in elderly women. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 21(10):1066-73, URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22731629 (accessed 05.07.2013).
Manios, Y., et al. Changes in body composition following a dietary and lifestyle intervention trial: the postmenopausal health study. Maturitas. 62(1): 58-65. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19118956 (accessed 05/13/2013).
Nagpal, J., et al. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the short-term effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on insulin sensitivity in apparently healthy, middle-aged, centrally obese men. Diabet Med. 26(1):19-27. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19125756 (accessed 05.13.2013).
Nazarian, S., et al. Vitamin D3 supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in subjects with impaired fasting glucose. Transl Res. 158(5):276-81. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22005267 (accessed 05.14.2013).
Nikooyeh, B., et al. Daily consumption of vitamin D- or vitamin D + calcium-fortified yogurt drink improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 93(4): 764-71. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21289226 (accessed 05.13.2013).
Salehpour, A., et al. 2012. Vitamin D3 and the risk of CVD in overweight and obese women: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Nutr. 108(10): 1866-73. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22317756 (accessed 05.13.2013).
Salehpour, A., et al. 2012. A 12-week double-blind randomized clinical trial of vitamin D3 supplementation on body fat mass in healty overweight and obese women. Nutr J. 11:78. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3514135/ (accessed 05.07.2013).
Shab-Bidar, S., et al. 2011. Regular consumption of vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink (Doogh) improved endothelial biomarkers in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. BMC Med. 9:125. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3239240/ (accessed 05.13.2013).
Shapses, S.A., et al. 2013. Vitamin D supplementation and calcium absorption during caloric restriction: a randomized double-blind trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 97(3):637-45. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23364004 (accessed 05.06.2013).
Sneve, M., et al. 2008. Supplementation with cholecalciferol does not result in weight reduction in overweight and obese subjects. Eur J Endocinol. 159(6): 675-84. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19056900 (accessed 05.13.2013).
Tamer, G., et al. 2012. Is vitamin D deficiency an independent risk factor for obesity and abdominal obesity in women? Endokrynol Pol. 63(3):196-201. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22744625 (accessed 05.09.2013).
Yin, X., et al. 2012. Serum 25(OH)D is inversely ossociated with metabolic syndrome risk profile among urban middle-aged Chinese population. Nutr. J. 11:68. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22958612 (accessed 05.07.2013).
Zitterman, A., et al. Vitamin D supplementation enhances the beneficial effects of weight loss on cardiovascular disease risk markers. Am J Clin Nutr. 89(5): 1321-7. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19321573 (accessed 05.13.2013).
Bailey, L.. & Gregory, J. 1999. Folate metabolism and requirements. J. Nutr., 129, 779–782.
Ball, G. 2006. Chapter 11: Pantothenic Acid. In Vitamins in Foods: Analysis, Bioavailability, and Stability, 211–219. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Baez–Saldana, A., et al. 2004. Effects of biotin on pyruvate carboxylase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, propionyl-CoA carboxylase, and markers for glucose and lipid homeostasis in type 2 diabetic patients and nondiabetic subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 79, 238–243.
Baily, S. E. and Ayling, J. E. 2009. The extremely slow and variable activity of dihydrofolate reductase in human liver and its implications for high folic acid intake. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA., 106(35): 15424-15429. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0902072106. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2730961/?tool=pubmed (accessed 5/14/2012).
Baker, H., et al. 1975. Inability of chronic alcoholics with liver disease to use food as a source of folates, thiamin and vitamin B6. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 28, 1377–1380.
Bart, S. Sr., et al. 2012. Folate status and homocysteine levels during a 24-week oral administration of folate-containign oral contraceptive: a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, parallel-group, US-based multicenter study. Contraception. 85(1): 42-50. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22067790 (accessed 5/15/2012).
Batra, V., et al. 2010. Enhanced one-carbon flux towards DNA methylation: Effect of dietary methyl supplements against gamma-radiation-induced epigenetic modicationas. Chem Biol Interac., 183(3): 425-33. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19931232 (Accessed 5/15/2012).
Bird, L. M., et al. 2011. A therapeutic trial of pro-methylation dietary supplements in Angelman syndrome. Am J Med Genet A., 155A(12): 2956-63. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34297. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22002941 (accessed 5/14/2012).
Cagnacci, A., et al. 2009. High-dose short-term folate administration modifies ambulatory blood pressure in postmenopausal women. A placebo-controlled study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 63(10): 1266-8. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19603054 (accessed 5/14/2012).
Chang, N., et al. 2001. Study of the relation between proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolites in the brain regions and the B vitamin status in alcoholics. Nutr. Res., 21, 811–820.
Clarke, R. 2006. Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the prevention of dementia. NEJM, 354, 2817–2819.
Colombo, V., et al. 1990. Treatment of brittle fingernails and onychoschizia with biotin: Scanning electron microscopy. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 23, 1127–1132.
Combs, G., 1992. Vitamin B6 (Chapter 13), and Vitamin B12 (Chapter 17). In The Vitamins: Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health, 331–347; 403–419. San Diego: Academic Press.
Coppen, A., & Bailey, J. 2000. Enhancement of the antidepressant action of fluoxetine by folic acid: A randomised, placebo controlled trial. J. Affect. Disord., 60, 121–130.
Coppen, A., & Bolander-Gouaille, C. 2005. Treatment of depression: Time to consider folic acid and vitamin B12. J. Psychopharm., 19, 59–65.
Crawford, V., et al. 1999. Effects of niacin-bound chromium supplementation on body composition in overweight African-American women. Diab. Obes. Metabol., 1, 331–337.
Cravo, M., et al. 1996. Hyperhomocysteinemia in chronic alcoholism: Correlation with folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin B-6 status. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 63, 220–224.
Davis, B., et al. 1982. Enhanced absorption of oral vitamin B12 from a resin ascorbate administered to normal subjects. Manip. Physiol. Ter., 5, 123–127.
Duan, W., et al. 2002. Dietary folate deficiency and elevated homocysteine levels endanger dopaminergic neurons in models of Parkinson’s disease. J. Neurochem., 80, 101–110.
Eussen, S., et al. 2005. Oral cyanocobalamin supplementation in older people with vitamin B12 deficiency: A dosefinding trial. Arch. Intern. Med., 165, 1167–1172.
Fava, M., and Mischoulon, D. 2009. Folate in depression: efficacy, safety, differences in formulations, and clinical issues. J Clin Psychiatry. 70 Supple 5: 12-7. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19909688 (accessed 5/14/2012).
Floersheim, G. 1989. [Treatment of brittle fingernails with biotin]. Z. Hautkr., 64, 41–48.
Geohas, J., et al. 2007. Chromium picolinate and biotin combination reduces atherogenic index of plasma in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Am. J. Med. Sci., 333, 145–153.
Godfrey, P. S., et al. 1990. Enhancement of recovery from psychiatric illness by methylfolate. Lancet, 336(8712): 392-5. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1974941 (accessed 5/14/2012).
Greenberg, J. A., and Bell, S. J. 2011. Multivitamin Supplementation During Pregnancy: Emphasis on Folic Acid and L-Methylfolate. Rev Obstet Gynecol., 4 (3-4): 126-7. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3250974/?tool=pubmed (accessed 5/14/2012).
Hassing, L., et al. 1999. Further evidence on the effects of vitamin B12 and folate levels on episodic memory functioning: A population-based study of healthy very old adults. Biol. Psych., 45, 1472–1480.
Hintikka, J., et al. 2003. High vitamin B12 level and good treatment outcome may be associated in major depressive disorder. BMC Psych., 3, 17.
Hochman, L., et al. 1993. Brittle nails: Response to daily biotin supplementation. Cutis, 51, 303–305
Kelly, P., et al. 1997. Unmetabolized folic acid in serum: acute studies in subjects consuming fortified food and supplements. Am J Clin Nutr., 65(6): 1790-5. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9174474 (accessed 5/14/2012).
Koutsikos, D., et al. 1990. Biotin for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Biomed. Pharmacother., 44, 511–514.
Lamers, Y., et al. 2006. Red blood cell folate concentrations increase more after supplementation with [6S]-5-methyltetrahydrofolate than with folic acid in women of childbearing age. Am J Clin Nutr. 84(1): 156-61.
Lee, B., et al. 2004. Folic acid and vitamin B12 are more effective than vitamin B6 in lowering fasting plasma homocysteine concentration in patients with coronary artery disease. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 58, 481–487.
Levine, S., & Saltzman, A. 2004. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) neurotoxicity: Enhancement by protein-deficient diet. J. Appl. Toxicol., 24, 497–500.
Lewerin, C., et al. 2003. Reduction of plasma homocysteine and serum methylmalonate concentrations in apparently healthy elderly subjects after treatment with folic acid, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6: A randomised trial. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 57, 1426–1436.
Maas, A., et al. 1998. Riboflavin and vitamin B-6 intakes and status and biochemical response to riboflavin supplementation in free-living elderly people. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 68, 389–395.
Masse, P., et al. 1998. A cartilage matrix deficiency experimentally induced by vitamin B6 deficiency. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 217, 97–103.
Masse, P., et al. 1990. Morphological abnormalities in vitamin B6 deficient tarsometatarsal chick cartilage. Scanning Microsc., 4, 667–673; discussion 674.
Masse, P., et al. 1994. Vitamin B6 deficiency experimentally-induced bone and joint disorder: Microscopic, radiographic and biochemical evidence. Br. J. Nutr., 71: 919–932.
McCormick, D. 1975. Biotin. Nutr. Rev., 33, 97–102.
Meshkin, B., Blum, K. 2007. Folate nutrigenetics: a convergence of dietary folate metabolism, folic acid supplementation, and folate antagonist pharmacogenetics. Drug Metab Lett., 1(1): 55-60. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19356019 (accessed 5/14/2012).
Miller, J. 2004. Folate, cognition, and depression in the era of folic acid fortification. J. Food Sci., 69, 61–64.
Misir, R., & Blair, R. 1986. Effect of biotin supplementation of a barley-wheat diet on restoration of healthy feet, legs and skin of biotin deficient sows. Res. Vet. Sci., 40, 212-218.
Mock, D., et al. 2002. Marginal biotin deficiency during normal pregnancy. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 75, 295–299.
Mock, D. 1991. Skin manifestations of biotin deficiency. Semin. Dermatol., 10, 296-302.
Morris, M. 2002. Folate, homocysteine, and neurological function. Nutr. Clin. Care, 5, 124–132.
Nyhan, W. 1987. Inborn errors of biotin metabolism. Arch. Dermatol., 123, 1696–1698a.
Pietrzik, K., et al. 2010. Folic acid and L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate: comparison of clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Clin Pharmacokinet., 49(8): 535-48. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20608755 (accessed 5/14/2012).
Preuss, H., et al. 2000. Effects of niacin-bound chromium and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic subjects: A pilot study. J. Med., 31, 227–246.
Rampersaud, G., et al. 2003. Folate: A key to optimizing health and reducing disease risk in the elderly. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 22, 1–8.
Revilla–Monsalve, C., et al. 2006. Biotin supplementation reduces plasma triacylglycerol and VLDL in type 2 diabetic patients and in nondiabetic subjects with hypertriglyceridemia. Biomed. Pharmacother., 60, 182–185.
Reynolds, T., et al. 1992. Hip fracture patients may be vitamin B6 deficient. Controlled study of serum pyridoxal-5’-phosphate. Acta Orthop. Scand., 63, 635–638.
Riggs, K., et al. 1996. Relations of vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, folate, and homocysteine to cognitive performance in the Normative Aging Study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 63, 306–314.
Scambi, C., et al. 2009. Preliminary evidence for cell membrane amelioration in children with cystic fibrosis by 5-MTHF and vitamin B12 supplementation: a single arm trial. PLoS One. 4(3):e4782. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19277125 (accessed 5/15/2012).
Sharp, L., Little, J. 2004. Polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism and colorectal neoplasia: a HuGE review. Am J Epidemiol., 159(5): 423-43. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14977639 (accessed 5/14/2012).
Stabler, S., & Allen, R. 2004. Vitamin B12 deficiency as a worldwide problem. Annu. Rev. Nutr., 24, 299–326.
Van Guelpen, B., et al. 2005. Folate, vitamin B12, and risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: A prospective, nested case-referent study of plasma concentrations and dietary intake. Stroke, 36, 1426–1431.
Zempleni, J., & Mock, D. 2000. Marginal biotin deficiency is teratogenic. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 223, 14–21.
Zempleni, J., & Mock, D. 1999. Bioavailability of biotin given orally to humans in pharmacologic doses. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 69, 504–508.
Zhang, H., et al. 1997. Biotin administration improves the impaired glucose tolerance of streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. (Tokyo), 43, 271-280.
He, Y.H., et al. 2011. The calcium-sensing receptor affects fat accumulation via effects on antilipolytic pathways in adipose tissue of rats fed low-calcium diets. J Nutr. 141(11): 1938-46. URL: http://jn.nutrition.org/content/141/11/1938.long (accessed 06.11.2013).
Josse, A.R., et al. Increased consumption of dairy foods and protein during diet – and exercise-induced weight loss promotes fat mass los and lean mass gain in overweight and obese premenopausal women. J Nutr. 141(9):1626-34. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21775530 (accessed 06.11.2013).
Laraichi, S., et al. 2013. Dietary Supplementation of Calcium may Counteract Obesity in Mice Mediated by Changes in Plasma Fatty Acids. Lipids. June 1, 2013 Epub ahead of print. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23729396 (accessed 06.11.2013).
Lewis, J.R., et al. 2011. Calcium supplementation and the risks of atherosclerotic vascular disease in older women: results of a 5-year RCT and a 4.5-year follow-up. J Bone Miner Res. 26(1): 35-41. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20614474 (accessed 06.11.2013).
Mitri, J., et al. 2011. Effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on pancreatic ß cell function, insulin sensitivity, and glycemia in adults at high risk of diabetes: the Calcium and Vitamin D for Diabetes Mellitus (CaDDM) randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 94(2): 486-494. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3142723/ (accessed 06.11.2013).
Nakamura, K., et al. 2012. Effect of low-dose calcium supplements on bone loss in perimenopausal and postmenopausal Asian women: a randomized controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res. 27(11): 2264-70. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22653713 (accessed 06.11.2013).
Nobre, J.L., et al. 2012. Calcium supplementation prevents obesity, hyperleptinaemia and hyperglycaemia in adult rats programmed by early weaning. Br J Nutr. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22070983 (accessed 06.11.2013).
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Lee, W.J., et al. 2005. Alpha-lipoic acid prevents endothelial dysfunction in obese rats via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol.25(12):2488-94. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16224049 (accessed 04.10.2013).
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Marshall, A.W., et al. Treatment of alcohol-related liver disease with thioctic acid: a six month randomized double-blind trial. Gut. 23(12): 1088-93. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6129179 (accessed 04.11.2013).
McNeilly, A.M., et al. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid and exercise training on cardiovascular disease risk in obesity with impaired glucose tolerance. Lipids Health Dis. 10:217. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22107734 (accessed 04.11.2013).
Mijnhout, G.S., et al. 2010. Alpha lipoic acid: a new treatment for neuropathic pain in patients with diabetes?. Neth J Med.68(4): 158-62. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20421656 (accessed 04.11.2013).
Muthuswamy, A.D., et al. 2006. Oxidative stress-mediated macromolecular damage and dwindle in antioxidant status in aged rat brain regions: role of L-carnitine and DL-alpha lipoic acid. Clin Chim Acta. 368(1): 84-92. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16480704 (accessed 04.08.2013).
Nagamatsu, M., et al. 1995. Lipoic acid improves nerve blood flow, reduces oxidative stress, and improves distal nerve conduction in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Care. 18(8): 1160-7. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7587852 (accessed 04.08.2013).
Packer, L., et al. 1995. Alpha-lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 19(2): 227-250. URL (abstract): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(95)00017-R (accessed 04.15.2013).
Park, K.G., et al. 2008. Alpha-lipoic acid decreases hepatic lipogenesis through adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent and AMPK-independent pathways. Hepatology. 48(5): 1477-86. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18972440 (accessed 04.10.2013).
Pershadsingh, H.A. 2007. Alpha-lipoic acid: Physiologic mechanisms and indications for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 16(3): 291-302. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17302524 (accessed 04.08.2013).
Ramos, L.F., et al. 2011. Effects of combination tocopherols and alpha lipoic acid therapy on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in chronic kidney disease. J Ren Nutr. 21(3): 211-8. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21185738 (accessed 04.11.2013).
Saraswathi, R. & Devaraj, S. N. 2013. Oxidative stress in skeletal muscle impairs mitochrondrial function in alloxan induced diabetic rats: Role of alpha lipoic acid. Biomedicine & Preventive Nutrition. [Epub ahead of print]. URL (abstract): http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210523912000499 (accessed 04.15.2013).
Wiznitzer, A., et al. 1999. Lipoic acid prevention of neural tube defects in offspring of rats with streptozocin-induced diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 180(1 Pt 1): 188-93. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9914602 (accessed 04.08.2013).
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Benvenga, S. 2005. Effects of L-carnitine on thyroid hormone metabolism and on physical exercise tolerance. Horm. Metab. Res., 37 (9), 566-571. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16175496 (accessed 10.25.2011).
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Guzman-Guillen, R., et al. 2013. The protective role of l-carnitine against cylindrospermopsin-induced oxidative stress in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquat Toxicol. 132-133C:141-150. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23501490 (accessed 04.03.2013).
Ho, J.Y., et al. 2010. L-Carnitine l-tartrate supplementation favorably affects biochemical markers of recovery from physical exertion in middle-aged men and women. Metab 59:1190–1199. URL (abstract only): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20045157 (accessed 04.02.2013).
Kraemer, W., et al. 2008. L-carnitine supplementation: influence upon physiological function. Curr. Sports Med. Rep., 7 (4), 218-223. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18607224 (accessed 10.25.2011).
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Our WheySational is formulated to be complete, natural, bioavailable, and manufactured to pharmaceutical standards.
The following articles and studies, arranged in order of recency, represent a sampling of the research on the constituents of WheySational.
Dominika, S., et al. 2011. The study on the impact of glycated pea proteins on human intestinal bacteria. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 145 (1), 267-272. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21276631 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Geraedts, M., et al. 2011. Intraduodenal administration of intact pea protein effectively reduces food intake in both lean and obese male subjects. PLoS One, 6 (9), e24878. URL: http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0024878 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Häberer, D., et al. 2011. Intragastric infusion of pea-protein hydrolysate reduces test-meal size in rats more than pea protein. Physiol. Behav., 104 (5), 1041–1047. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21763707 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Li, H., et al. 2011. Blood pressure lowering effect of a pea protein hydrolysate in hypertensive rats and humans. J. Ag. Food Chem., 59 (18), 9854–9860. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21854068 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Marinangeli, C., & Jones, P. 2011. Whole and fractionated yellow pea flours reduce fasting insulin and insulin resistance in hypercholesterolaemic and overweight human subjects. Br. J. Nutr., 105 (1), 110-117. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20807459 (accessed 10.25.2011).
Ndiaye, F., et al. 2011. Anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties of an enzymatic protein hydrolysate from yellow field pea seeds. Eur. J. Nutr. [Epub ahead of print.] URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21442413 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Geraedts, M., et al. 2010. Release of satiety hormones in response to specific dietary proteins is different between human and murine small intestinal mucosa. Ann. Nutr. Metab., 56 (4), 308–313. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20530962 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Rigamonti, E., et al. 2010. Hypolipidemic effect of dietary pea proteins: Impact on genes regulating hepatic lipid metabolism. Mol. Nutr. Food Res., 54 (Suppl. 1), S24-S30. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20077421 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Swiatecka, D., et al. 2010. Impact of glycated pea proteins on the activity of free-swimming and immobilised bacteria. J. Sci. Food Agric., 90 (11), 1837-1845. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20549652 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Diepvens, K., et al. 2008. Different proteins and biopeptides differently affect satiety and anorexigenic/orexigenic hormones in healthy humans. Int. J. Obes. (Lond.), 32, 510–518. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18345020 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Spielmann, J., et al. 2008. Dietary pea protein stimulates bile acid excretion and lowers hepatic cholesterol concentration in rats. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl)., 92 (6), 683-693. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19012614 (accessed 10.18.2011).
X Whelan, K., et al. 2006. Appetite during consumption of enteral formula as a sole source of nutrition: The effect of supplementing pea-fibre and fructo-oligosaccharides. Br. J. Nutr., 96 (2), 350-356. URL: http://www.limnology-journal.org/download.php?file=%2FBJN%2FBJN96_02%2FS0007114506002133a.pdf&code=d63461b479aa85362cf84720c13bb8d5 (accessed 10.25.2011).
Acheson, K., et al. 2011. Protein choices targeting thermogenesis and metabolism. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 93 (3), 525-534. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21228266 (accessed 10.25.2011).
Baer, D., et al. 2011. Whey protein but not soy protein supplementation alters body weight and composition in free-living overweight and obese adults. J. Nutr., 141 (8), 1489-1494. URL (abstract): http://jn.nutrition.org/content/early/2011/06/15/jn.111.139840.abstract (accessed 10.25.2011).
Geraedts, M., et al. 2011. Intraduodenal administration of intact pea protein effectively reduces food intake in both lean and obese male subjects. PLoS One, 6 (9), e24878. URL: http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0024878 (accessed 10.18.2011).
Graf, S., et al. 2011. Effects of whey protein supplements on metabolism: Evidence from human intervention studies. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care, 14 (6), 569-580. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21912246 (accessed 10.25.2011).
Josse, A., et al. 2011. Increased consumption of dairy foods and protein during diet-and exercise-induced weight loss promotes fat mass loss and lean mass gain in overweight and obese premenopausal women. J. Nutr., 141 (8), 1626–1634. URL: xxxxxxxxx (accessed 10.25.2011).
Pal, S., et al. 2010. Effects of whey protein isolate on body composition, lipids, insulin and glucose in overweight and obese individuals. Br. J. Nutr., 104 (5), 716-723. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20377924 (accessed 10.25.2011).
Walker, T., et al. 2010. The influence of 8 weeks of whey-protein and leucine supplementation on physical and cognitive performance. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab., 20 (5), 409-417. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20975109 (accessed 11.09.2010).
Hayes, A., & Crib P. 2008. Effect of whey protein isolate on strength, body composition and muscle hypertrophy during resistance training. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care, 11 (1), 40-44. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18090657 (accessed 10.25.2011).
Katsanos, C., et al. 2008. Whey protein ingestion in elderly persons results in greater muscle protein accrual than ingestion of its constituent essential amino acid content. Nutr Res., 28 (10), 651-658. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2612691/?tool=pubmed (accessed 10.25.2011).
Wyatt, H., et al. 2008. Weight loss in a community initiative that promotes decreased energy intake and increased physical activity and dairy consumption: Calcium Weighs-In. J. Phys. Act. Health, 5 (1), 28-44. URL (abstract): xxxxxxxxxx (accessed 10.25.2011).
Hollis, J., & Mattes, R. 2007. Effect of increased dairy consumption on appetitive ratings and food intake. Obesity, 15 (6), 1520-1526. Erratum in: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Oct;15(10):2520. URL (abstract): xxxxxxxxxxxxx (accessed 10.25.2011).
Bowen, J., et al. 2006. Appetite regulatory hormone responses to various dietary proteins differ by body mass index status despite similar reductions in ad libitum energy intake. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 91 (8), 2913–2919. URL: (abstract): xxxxxxxxxxxxx (accessed 10.25.2011).
Burton-Freedom, B. Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is not critical to whey-induced satiety, but may have a unique role in energy intake regulation through cholecystokinin (CCK). Physiol. Behav., 93 (1-2), 379-387. URL (abstract): xxxxxxxxxxxxx (accessed 10.25.2011).
Crib P., et al. 2006. The effect of whey isolate and resistance training on strength, body composition, and plasma glutamine. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab., 16 (5), 494-509. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18090657 (accessed 10.25.2011).
Bowen, J., et al. 2006. Appetite regulatory hormone responses to various dietary proteins differ by body mass index status despite similar reductions in ad libitum energy intake. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 91 (8), 2913-2919. URL: http://jcem.endojournals.org/content/91/8/2913.long (accessed 10.18.2011).
Phillips, S., et al. 2005. Dietary protein to support anabolism with resistance exercise in young men. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 24 (2), 134S-139S. URL: http://www.jacn.org/content/24/2/134S.long (accessed 10.25.2011).
Dangin, M., et al. 2003. The rate of protein digestion affects protein gain differently during aging in humans. J. Physiol., 549, 635–644. URL: http://jp.physoc.org/content/549/2/635.full (accessed 10.25.2011).
Dangin, M., et al. 2001. The digestion rate of protein is an independent regulating factor of postprandial protein retention. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 280 (2), E340–E348. URL: http://ajpendo.physiology.org/content/280/2/E340.full (accessed 10.25.2011).
Lyly, M., et al. 2009. Fibre in beverages can enhance perceived satiety. Eur. J. Nutr., 48 (4), 251-258. URL (abstract): x (accessed 10.25.2011).